Tinnitus is typically the perception of any sound in the head or ear(s) without an external source.
Tinnitus is often subjective (heard only by the individual). Most people have tinnitus. There is a type of tinnitus that can be heard by others but this is not very common.
Tinnitus can have multiple presentations. It isn't always the classic ringing. It can be a hiss, screech, drone, whine, buzz and sometimes music.
Tinnitus can happen for a number of reasons, some of which include:
Hearing loss:
This is one of the most common reasons for tinnitus. One hypothesis is that with cochlear sensorineural hearing loss, over time the brain compensates for the reduced input from the cochlear by making it's own version of the missing sound. With management of hearing loss, over 65% of hearing aid users have reported relief from their tinnitus when using their hearing aids, as the brain receives input that it was missing.. (ref: tinnitus.org.uk)
The buildup of wax in the ear can reduce or stop the passage of sound through the ear canal. Sometimes, removal of the earwax can bring tinnitus relief to the individual. Sometimes removal may result in no change, which, if intrusive, may require further investigation by the audiologist and doctor.
Middle ear buildup of fluid following colds, upper respiratory tract infections can dampen one's hearing. This is usually temporary, and once the pressure equalising tube (eustachian tube) is working well, then the hearing can return to previous levels, and tinnitus might be reduced or stop entirely. If one tends to have repeated episodes of eustachian tube dysfunction, it would be recommended that one see an ENT doctor.
Especially infections which discharge liquid can eventually leave behind debris in the ear. Use of ear drops for the treatment of the infection could also build up within the ear canal. Removing the obstructing build-up in the ear canal can sometimes help tinnitus symptoms.
e.g. anti-depressants, antibiotics, chemotherapy. If tinnitus starts, or worsens after starting medication. You should inform your doctor of this change.
e.g. acoustic neuroma, cardiovascular conditions, Meniere's disease. These would typically require further assessment including different health professionals like an audiologist and doctor.
The decline of the stimulation of oestrogen receptors all over the body (due to fluctuating/lowering levels of the hormone oestrogen), including the cochlea (inner ear), can result in tinnitus. Recent research is highlighting tinnitus as a common symptom experienced by women experiencing hormonal changes. Reduced sleep, stress and anxiety are also related precursors to tinnitus in this group.
Tinnitus is a symptom of a disorder of the auditory system. Tinnitus is not a disease itself. It is often worsened by one's thoughts and emotions towards it. Stress has frequently been shown to worsen the presence of tinnitus. Tinnitus sufferers have an intolerance for loud sounds that most people would find tolerable - Hyperacusis.
If you have tinnitus, then the first step we would advise is that you have an audiological assessment. This is because up to 80% of people with hearing losses have tinnitus. So the absence or presence of a hearing loss amongst other medical conditions will need to be determined initially.
You can book here with Sonant Hearing for a Tinnitus Assessment.
Clients have often reported being told that there is nothing that can be done for tinnitus. They are told they should learn to live with it. This is not always the case. While there isn't one absolute cure for tinnitus, there are many methods of relieving the presentation of tinnitus. It can be overwhelming whilst researching online for a method of managing tinnitus. This is why professional help is often recommended.
Seeing a tinnitus specialist i.e. one who is often also an audiologist can be a first reliable step towards of managing your tinnitus. The audiologist if trained in tinnitus management can help you find a method of relieving the burden of the tinnitus. This can be through a series of, in-depth discussions and assessments.
At Sonant Hearing Clinic, the audiologist will take the time to listen to all your concerns regarding your tinnitus, discuss the achievable goals, present a set of questionnaires and then complete some audiological assessments. The results from assessments, questionnaires and discussions would be used to craft a tinnitus management solution best suited for you.
The tinnitus may not go away entirely but a relaxed and positive state of self is likely to help one better cope with the burden of the tinnitus.
It is important that you see an audiologist, health care professional ASAP if you find that your tinnitus is one-sided, pulsatile getting louder/ worse , having different presentations and certainly intrusive.
Whilst these examples are not exhaustive. Some may prove helpful for reducing the burden of tinntus
This can come from amplification with carefully selected and programmed hearing aids. As other sounds not previously heard acutely due to one's hearing loss now become distinct and easily heard. These newly audible sounds can draw focus away from the tinnitus and in turn relieve it's impact. When taking hearing aids off at night, it's usually advisable to have some level of noise in the background to get ones attention. Otherwise one can go seeking the tinnitus automatically after the aids are removed.
With no hearing loss requiring amplication (NICE guidelines currently recommend against amplification in the presence of normal hearing thresholds.) Other maskers can be used such as apps (some can be recommended by the audiologist), white noise maskers and low level music in the background. With maskers it's recommended not to try and turn the volume up so loud that the "tinnitus is not heard" as this worsens it's presence.
As inate social beings, some may find that talking to someone about tinnitus is often helpful at reducing concerns and in turn relieving tinnitus. One may no longer feel alone and may be exposed to other anecdotal means of managing tinnitus. It is advisable to choose reputable social groups, as not all practices shared online can be said to be safe.
This is currently the only evidence based and peer-reviewed means of managing tinnitus. It involves the use of in-depth discussions, relaxation techniques and methods of changing ones' automatic negative thoughts around their tinnitus. It's main goal is to change one's emotional thoughts and reactions to tinnitus. This in turn aids habituation where the tinnitus has a reduced impact on ones's thoughts over time. Click here for our blog post on Internet Based CBT iCBT
This can help reduce the impact of tinnitus. Everyone has a different preference for relaxing. From taking a nice long soak in the bath, to listening to music, gentle exercises to meditation. Relaxation reduces stress and encourages a calmer self. Less stress often results in reduced impact of tinnitus. Meditation is a common method requiring one to sit still quietly for about 10-15 minutes in a comfortable restful position whilst breathing in and out in a measured, focused way. One needs to remain present of themselves and their surroundings whilst doing this. Some apps can help one pace their inhalations and exhalations as well as a simple timer on the clock/watch or phone.
Is there a cure for tinnitus ?
There isn't a cure but many ways to relieve and help reduce the symptoms of tinnitus.
Is tinnitus only a ringing sound in the ears ?
Tinnitus can be presented as different kinds of sounds, from classic ringing, to buzzing, chirping, hissing, droning and even music.
Can tinnitus come and go ?
Yes tinnitus can come and go, some people experience tinnitus sometimes and some people experience tinnitus all the time.
Can tinnitus get better ?
Yes, we even have a term for it - habituation. Over time one can learn to adapt to their tinnitus and as a result tinnitus may no longer seem as prevalent. A tinnitus specialist who has performed a tinnitus assessment can create a tinnitus management plan with solutions to help you achieve habituation. Contact us to book in with our tinnitus specialist today.
Will hearing aids make my tinnitus worse ?
Over 65% of hearing aid users report that their hearing aids make their tinnitus better.
Can stress make tinnitus worse?
Stress does not directly make tinnitus worse but stress with it's related emotions can heighten the perception of tinnitus.
References
Nice Guidelines on Tinnitus Management - https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/NG155 (Accessed October 2024)
The Hearing Review - https://hearingreview.com/hearing-loss/tinnitus/tinnitus-management-there-are-options? (accessed December 2024)
Tinnitus: A Multidisciplinary Approach David Baguley PhD MBA,, Gerhard Andersson BSc MSc PhD, Don McFerran MA FRCS, Laurence McKenna M.Clin Psychol PhD,T he Jastreboff Neurophysiological model - Tinnitus: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Second Edition - https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118783009.ch9. Feb 22, 2013